US researchers develop new tool in HIV vaccine fight

Baltimore, Maryland, UNITED STATES: Dr. Robert Gallo, director of the Institute of Human Virology at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland is seen during an interview May 9, 2013 in a laboratory at the Institute of Human Virology. May 20th will mark the 30th anniversary of Gallos role in the discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the infectious agent responsible for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and he has been a major contributor to subsequent HIV research. AFP PHOTO/Jim Watson

May 11, 2013
WASHINGTON (AFP) - US researchers have developed a new test to identify antibodies capable of fighting most strains of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, in a breakthrough that could accelerate the hunt for a vaccine.

A report published in the journal Science on Thursday said that scientists at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases had studied HIV-infected individuals whose blood had shown "powerful neutralization" qualities of the virus.

The new tool allowed scientists to precisely determine the broadly neutralizing antibodies in a given sample by analyzing the neutralized HIV strains.

The tool -- known as neutralization fingerprinting -- is a mathematical algorithm that taps into the large pool of data on HIV bNAbs (broadly neutralizing antibodies) generated in recent years.

The neutralization fingerprint of an HIV antibody allows scientists to determine which strains of the virus it can block and how effectively it does so.

Previous techniques to yield the same information were far slower and "extremely laborious," the study said.